Rau – Chitral’s powerful medicinal herb
The majestic mountains of Chitral host a rare herbal gem locally called Rau (hing) and scientifically named as Ferula asafoetida.
Belonging to the Apiaceae family, this perennial herb offers immense medicinal, cultural and economic value.
Where it grows
Ferula asafoetida grows naturally in Chitral’s alpine and sub-alpine zones, flourishing at elevations between 2,000 and 4,000 meters. It thrives in rocky, well-drained soil and adapts easily to cold, harsh climates. Locals often spot it across meadows and sloped landscapes.
Medicinal uses of rau
Healers and locals rely on Rau’s resin for its powerful medicinal properties. Here’s how it supports health:
Treats respiratory conditions like asthma, bronchitis and cough.
Eases digestive issues, including indigestion, bloating, and abdominal pain.
Relieves muscle spasms and cramps, reducing discomfort naturally.
Fights infections with its antimicrobial action.
Reduces joint pain and swelling, improving mobility.
Cultural and culinary uses
Chitrali traditions hold hing in high regard: Locals burn the resin as incense during religious and cultural rituals. Traditional cooks use it as a flavorful spice in local dishes.
Communities also consume peeled flower stalks with walnut kernels as a delicious, nutrient-rich snack.
How locals extract the resin
Harvesters follow a hands-on process to collect the resin:
1. They cut the plant’s roots and stems to expose resin canals.
2. The resin oozes out and hardens in contact with air.
3. Once hardened, collectors gather and store the resin for medicinal use.
Chemical composition
Ferula asafoetida contains ferulic acid, a strong antioxidant compound, and several volatile oils that provide its unique aroma and therapeutic properties.
Threats to survival
Due to overharvesting and habitat destruction, wild populations of Ferula asafoetida are rapidly declining. This puts the ecosystem and local livelihoods at risk.
To ensure survival and sustainability, stakeholders must promote sustainable harvesting methods, support community-led farming and cultivation projects, restore native habitats through reforestation and care, and educate local communities about conservation.